Health Guide

Alder Buckthorn

Alder Buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula) is a deciduous shrub native to Europe and parts of Asia. While its dark, reddish-black berries might look tempting, they are notably toxic when unripe. In the world of dietary supplements, however, the bark of this plant is highly valued. When aged properly (a process called 'curing'), the bark becomes a potent, stimulant laxative. It belongs to a class of compounds known as 'anthraquinones,' which work by stimulating the lining of the bowel to initiate a bowel movement. It is primarily used for short-term relief of severe constipation when other gentler fiber treatments have failed.
Evidence BasedDietary Supplement
Alder Buckthorn
VERIFIED SOURCE

Bio-Activity Analysis

Time to Effect (Stimulant Laxatives)

SCIENTIFIC DATA VISUALIZATION

Y-Axis
Hours to Bowel Movement
Laxative Type

Health Benefits & Sources

Why You Need It

  • Potent Constipation Relief: It is highly effective for moving the bowels when you are feeling 'backed up.'
  • Stimulates Natural Rhythm: It encourages the natural muscle contractions (peristalsis) of the intestines.
  • Reduces Straining: By softening stool and speeding up transit, it makes elimination easier.

Deep Dive

Alder Buckthorn is often referred to as a 'stimulant laxative.' Unlike bulking agents (like psyllium) that add volume, this herb acts as a wake-up call to your digestive tract. The active ingredients, called anthraquinone glycosides, irritate the bowel lining, which triggers contractions and reduces water absorption from the stool. This leads to a bowel movement typically within 6 to 12 hours after taking it. It is a powerful tool for 'occasional' constipation, but it is not intended for daily maintenance.

Natural Food Sources

Important Note: Unlike vitamins found in spinach or oranges, Alder Buckthorn is not a nutrient you consume via everyday food. It is a medicinal herb. The berries are poisonous if eaten raw. The medicinal benefits come strictly from the aged bark.

Supplementation

  • Form: Usually found in capsules, teas, or liquid extracts.
  • Dosage: Dosage varies by product. Rule of Thumb: Never take more than the label recommends.
  • Timing: Take at bedtime. This allows the supplement to work overnight, usually resulting in a bowel movement the next morning.

Top Food Sources

Alder Buckthorn Bark
Must be aged/cured before use.
Cascara Sagrada
Close relative, similar effects.
Senna
Another potent stimulant laxative.

Frequently Asked Questions

Fresh bark contains a compound called frangulin which is a severe irritant to the stomach. Aging the bark for at least one year (or boiling it) breaks this down into safe anthraquinones.
No. This is for 'rescue' use only. Taking it daily can damage your colon's nerve endings, making you dependent on it to go to the bathroom.
They are very similar plants (both are buckthorns) and work the same way, but they come from different species. Both are potent stimulant laxatives.
It is possible. Because it stimulates the bowel muscles, mild to moderate cramping and stomach rumbling are common side effects.

Safety & Side Effects

Safety & Side Effects

CRITICAL: Never consume the berries of the Alder Buckthorn plant. They are toxic and can cause severe vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramping.

Who should avoid it?

  • Long-term use: Do not use for more than 1 week. Prolonged use can lead to 'lazy bowel' (where the colon stops working on its own), dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.
  • Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Avoid completely.
  • Medical Conditions: Do not use if you have Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, appendicitis, or stomach pain of unknown origin.
  • Interactions: It can interfere with heart medications (digoxin) and diuretics (water pills) due to potassium loss.

Scientific References

  • [1]European Medicines Agency. (2013). 'Assessment report on Rhamnus frangula L., cortex.'
  • [2]WHO Monographs on Selected Medicinal Plants. Volume 2. Frangulae cortex (Buckthorn bark).
  • [3]NHS UK. (2022). 'Laxatives: who can and can't take them.'