Glycol

Bio-Activity Analysis
Metabolic Fate of Ingested Propylene Glycol
SCIENTIFIC DATA VISUALIZATION
Health Benefits & Sources
Why You Need It
- Enhanced Absorption: Acts as a solvent to help your body absorb vitamins and medicines more efficiently.
- Moisture Retention: Used in skincare and foods to prevent drying and maintain texture.
- Low-Calorie Carrier: Helps deliver flavors and active ingredients without adding significant calories.
Deep Dive
Propylene Glycol (PG) is chemically similar to Ethylene Glycol but lacks its toxicity. In the body, it acts as a simple humectant, meaning it attracts water. This is why it is found in 'sugar-free' foods—it provides a moist texture without the bulk of sugar. In medical settings, it is used to solubilize hard-to-dissolve drugs (like lorazepam or phenytoin) for IV administration. It is metabolized by the liver into lactic acid, a natural compound produced during exercise.
Natural & Dietary Sources
While Ethylene Glycol is toxic and found in antifreeze, Propylene Glycol is found in many common foods. It occurs naturally in small amounts in roasted peanuts, cocoa, and certain herbs, but is mostly added to products.
| Food / Source | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Food Additives | Varies | N/A |
| Roasted Peanuts | Trace | N/A |
| Cocoa Powder | Trace | N/A |
| Soda/Soft Drinks | Low | N/A |
| Salad Dressings | Low | N/A |
Supplementation
Propylene Glycol is rarely taken as a standalone supplement. Instead, it is the inactive ingredient listed on the label of Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, and various herbal tinctures. It helps turn oil-based vitamins into a liquid you can swallow or inject. There is no specific 'Daily Value' for PG, as the body metabolizes it quickly.
Top Food Sources
Frequently Asked Questions
Safety & Side Effects
Safety First
CRITICAL DISTINCTION: Do not confuse Propylene Glycol (food grade) with Ethylene Glycol (antifreeze). Ethylene Glycol is deadly poison.
Propylene Glycol Safety:
- Generally Safe: The FDA classifies it as safe for consumption.
- Allergic Reactions: A small percentage of people (often those with eczema) develop an allergy to PG, resulting in hives or skin irritation.
- Toxicity: Consuming massive amounts can lead to metabolic acidosis (too much acid in the blood), though this is very rare from food sources.
Who should avoid it?
- People with known sensitivity to PG.
- Infants (due to immature kidneys) when receiving high doses via medication.
If you ingest Ethylene Glycol (antifreeze), seek emergency medical help immediately.
Scientific References
- [1]FDA Title 21 CFR 184.1666 - Propylene Glycol status as GRAS.
- [2]Burton, B. T. (1988). 'The Propylene Glycol Dilemma.' *Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition*.
- [3]World Health Organization (WHO) - Food Additives Series: Propylene Glycol safety evaluation.